This paper provides a better understanding of which risks could benefit from a spatial perspective in CCRA4-IA. Although the impacts of climate change and the effectiveness of adaptation measures are geography dependent, the benefits of a risk assessment vary by risk. This is due to the nature of the risk, dataset availability and/or analytical capability.

This paper explores the influence of how climate change pathway assumptions effect the economic appraisal and prioritisation of flood projects. We focus on flood hydrology assumptions and use anonymised case studies to demonstrate the possible effects. The paper shows how hydrology has a strong influence on economic appraisal with climate change.

This analysis explores the relationship between investment and surface water flood risk through to 2100, with a focus on the residual risks that may exist by the 2050s and the investment need for the period from present day to 2050.

This paper describes how UK flood risk guidance incorporates allowances for climate change and how recent research using convection-permitting climate models is helping to inform this guidance.

Through the development of practitioner guidance and software, as well as national-scale analysis of trends and non-stationarity, this JBA-led guidance highlights new tools and techniques to help detect and take account of non-stationarity in flood frequency estimation for flood scheme appraisal.